HIV and Cellular Interaction

 

How cell blocks HIV DNA from entering the nucleus

The cell nucleus in eukaryotic cells is separated from the cytoplasm by a nuclear membrane. This nuclear membrane checks the entry of unwanted molecules into the nucleus. The movement of large molecules into the cell nucleus is regulated by large protein structures called nuclear pore complexes. In order to infect the cell productively, HIV must cross the nuclear envelope to integrate viral DNA into the genetic material of the host. Multiple components of the nuclear pore complex and nuclear import machinery enable a protein called human myxovirus resistance 2 (MX2) to inhibit HIV infection. Myxovirus resistance-2 protein is located on the nuclear envelope facing the cytoplasm inhibit infection by blocking the entry and thus the accumulation of HIV within the nucleus. The exact mechanisms of inhibition of viral entry are not known yet.

In another study, Malim and his colleagues said MX2 interacts with multiple protein components of nuclear pore complex and nuclear transport receptor transporin-1. The findings also suggest that TNPO1 and nucleoporin help in position MX2 at the nuclear envelope to promote MX2 mediated restriction of HIV. These insights could lead to the development of more effective therapies for HIV-infected patients.

.IN Domain @₹199 For the 1st Year when bought for 2 years